Proxy vs Reverse Proxy

A proxy is a middle server that acts on someone’s behalf. It forwards requests and responses instead of letting the two parties talk directly.

Forward Proxy

  • Stands in for: the client
  • Flow: Client → proxy → internet
  • Purpose: hides the user, controls access, adds privacy or caching
  • Example: a company proxy that filters employee web traffic

Reverse Proxy

  • Stands in for: the server
  • Flow: Client → reverse proxy → backend servers
  • Purpose: hides servers, balances load, adds security, handles SSL
  • Example: Nginx receiving requests before passing them to app servers

The “Stands In” Idea

  • Forward proxy = pretends to be the client
  • Reverse proxy = pretends to be the server

Final takeaway:

A forward proxy makes the client anonymous.

A reverse proxy makes the server anonymous.

That flip in who gets represented is why we call it reverse.